HUMAN ACTION

- The area flourished with native life

- The stream flowed freely without the worry of debris

- BUT overtime, non-native plants, suburban housing and military development have invaded and impacted the area dramatically

- The Waikakalaua stream was an ahupua‘a of the Waikele area that led down to Pearl Harbor

- As development started to rise so did the population

- Methods on which people use certain chemicals as well as where they constructed changed ecosystems

- DDT, chlordane, aldrin and other sediments were heavily used for urban settings

        - even though they were discontinued in the mid-1980s, 20 years the everlasting impact on the environment is            still there.

        - “Although DDT was banned in 1972, DDT and its derivatives (DDD and DDE) were prevalent in stream-bed                   sediment and fish from urban, agricultural and mixed (urban and agricultural) watersheds...the continued                   persistence of the DDT compounds in the environment likely reflects slow breakdown of the compounds,                   persistence in soils, and continual delivery to streams” (Basher, and Wolff).